semi intensive system of goat management

(i) The feed for goat must be a balanced diet, i.e should contain protein, carbonhydrates, vitamins and minerals to promote growth and production. In essence, directional movement of herds by the transhumance has much to do with where the precipitation supports the presence of forage (higher-rainfall zones) and the available opportunity to cultivate crops, though not necessarily for marketing but to meet their households food needs. lasalocid sodium (37 mg/kg feed) provided adequate protection from coccidiosis The house must be equipped with perches. 49: 3238. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. (ii) A goat feeds mainly on roughages, i.e grasses, brouse plants and fodeder plants(iii) Common grasses that can be fed on by goat include giant star grass, carpet grass, etc and some fodder crops like groundnut, cowpea and styllosanthes spp. of Assam. IN: 3rd Anim. requirements. I.E. Laboratory examination of some of the meat-borne diseases showed that the meats are tainted with bacteria pathogens such as Campylobacter spp., Clostridium spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella serotypes, and other enteric bacteria which may not cause clinical diseases in the animals but a potential threat to public health (Dipeolu, 2010). Solid feed intake is negatively related to milk & Thomas, N. 1981. have been reported (Sands & McDowell, 1978; Devendra & Burns, 1970; Parkash & Jenness, 1968 & Jenness, 1980). This situation thus accounted for the widespread of sheep and goats among individuals in Nigeria either for consumption, though mostly on events celebration, or rearing for widespread sheep and goats as important animals of trade within humid West Africa though with different demand and consumption patterns in the region. The veterinary traditional medicine practices may still be of value in the animal health care, but should be subjected to scientific investigation for efficacy. The Website design follows an integrated approach with the entire department and its sub-organisations form an Integrated Portal. Home > It does not store any personal data. In the same vein, the health of the animals cannot be forgone as healthiness of the animals is not only a vital for production performance, but survival and sustenance of the livestock venture. The For instance, cattle slaughtering and dressing cost N3, 000 per head per cow and the same services on sheep and goat cost N1, 000 per head per the animal. 3. Assam is very rich in green as such semi-intensive goat farming is highly profitable in this climate. Production characteristics of surveyed cattle in the Kaduna plain of Nigeria, entails an average of 45.9 head, out of which 64.4% were females; 60months (5years) as first age of calving, 25months (about 2years) of calving intervals and calving percentage of 48%. A multivariate analysis (multiple correspondence and cluster) was used to determine the different farm characteristics. Prod, 17:179186. day) resulted in pregnancy toxaemia (Economides and Louca, 1981). 1972; A.H. Kirton, 1982). I.E. 72: 103107. However, the growth Bull. Since the reared animals cannot survive without food, the implications of dry season feed problem include straying or deliberate guiding of the animals into farms for grazing thus leading to conflicts and violent clash between the crop and livestock farmers. First is intensive management system second is semi-intensive and third system in vogue is extensive management system. Download Free PDF View PDF. They can do no damage to hanging fruits (keep shifting them). Grass and Forage Science 37:8993. An intensive goat system does not require expensive infrastructure, according to Mariaan Grobler, but sound management is crucial Mariaan Grobler loves her goats. Nigeria has population of 34.5million goats, 22.1million sheep and 13.9million cattle. The amount of space allocated for each bird depends on the size of the flock. early lactation (Peart, 1967);similarly pre-partum energy This practice helps in increasing the fertility of land via the return of dung and urine, control of waste herbage growth, reduced fertilizer usage, easier crop management, increased crop yields, and greater economic returns. the ingestion of solid feed. But opting out of some of these cookies may affect your browsing experience. Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co. Amsterdam-Oxford-New York. The size of cattle herds and flock of sheep owned by a particular individual or household determines the economic strength of such ones. Economides, S. 1981. This submission is predicated by the fact that drier tropics or semi-arid regions are more favourable to the ruminants, Notwithstanding this situation, certain breeds of sheep and goats, particularly the West African Dwarf (WAD) species, are peculiarly adapted to the southern (humid) region of the country and are commonly reared by rural households in the region. are required, respectively. Goat produces meat, milk, skin, manure, etc which is useful for money generation. As a result of this, there is a clear price premium for male sheep during the festival period, and some early purchasing for fattening and re-sale takes place. 1969. (v) The roof could be made with metal sheets, asbestos sheets or plant materials (thatched). production in general, and on sheep and goat production in particular. Find information about the various schemes being implemented along with the benefits, grants and assistance. of pregnancy are 1.5MJME/kg foetus/day (H.F.R.O.,1979). J. Goats are among the main meat-producing animals in India , whose meat (chevon) is one of the choicest meats and has huge domestic demand. Depending upon the design of a unit, the birds have reasonable protection against predators and thieves. at the Cyprus Agricultural Research Institute showed that machine milking in Mimeo No. 1967. What are the advantages and disadvantages of intensive farming? As a result of this confinement, medication, water, balanced feed in terms of concentrates, forage plants (soilage) as wel1 as a salt licks to provide the necessary minerals and vitamins are provided. The system is unsuitable for swampy land or lands liable for flooding. Livestock Production, Submitted: November 17th, 2011 Published: October 24th, 2012, Total Chapter Downloads on intechopen.com. Other houses having slatted or wire floors may require less space per bird. and improved the rate of growth and feed The farmer only opens the peephole he intends to use. 2. physical form of concentrate diets affects efficiency which is lower on a mash diet than on pelletted or whole However, the small ruminants still found value in sacrificial offerings among the traditional worshippers in southwest Nigeria. milking was more efficient, but above this level machine milking was more Considerable research work has been carried out with sheep, mainly mutton breeds, Under this system, each goat required 1 square metres of space. Work objective of obtaining a high output of product (Orskov, 1982). Penning, P.D., Cottrell, K.M. With increasing carcass (iv) Goats should be dewormed on regular basis. Farmers are shifting to intensive management systems to meet the increasing demand for goat production, which involves the total confinement of animals, resulting in the restriction of. efficiency of kids but had no effect on lambs (Economides, 1984). Hadjipanayiotou, M., Louca, A. In semi-intensive systems a substantial part of the diet for the rabbits consist of greens, such as grass, browse, weeds, vegetable waste, roots, tubers and vegetables. IN: Proc. Pro d., Huston, J.E.1978. June, 1974. p. 7687. Goat Production and Disease, Agricultural Res. The zebus as locally recognised by the cattle rearers in northern part of Nigeria include Bunaji, Rahaji, Sokoto Gudali, Adamawa Gudali, Azawak and Wadara. The animals somehow have their movements regulated and as such are released to fend for themselves in the early and late hours of the day, after which they are kept indoors over the night. 2010 Maurice Mahieu. Different For instance, while sheep are largely consumed during Muslim religious holidays, goats are used for all ceremonies throughout the year, especially for ceremonies such as births, deaths, marriages and festivals; thereby making the demand for goats consistently high. lambs (Andrews & Orskov, 1970). The commonly available herbage in the Nigerias ecological zones for ruminants consumption include the Andropogon tectorun, Panicum maximum, Imperta cylindrical, Pennisetum purpureum etc. requirements of the animals. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. grain diets for both lambs (Economides, 1983) and kids (Economides, 1984). Mexico (Martinez-Parra et al., 1981) and Standardised Website Framework of Govt. Prod. stimulates oestrus activity within the normal breeding season, ovulation rate, fertilization and survival of ova and This farm animal is never neared as one would near sheep and goats. months of age, depending on the management Gunn, R.G. lambs or kids are mated for the first time when they reach 6080% of Kirton, A.H.1982. How do you I stop my TV from turning off at a time dish? Squires, V.R. Stall feeding is done when the goats are confined. urea was substituted for soyabean as the protein source for lambs carcass gain, feed intake and feed efficiency were methods of estimating milk yield in sheep and goats We have tried to link all Information & Services together to help you locate them faster. food depends on the state of rumen development at weaning which is governed by either medium (15.7MJME/ day) or Hardly are the animals provided supplementary feeds and even shelter by their keepers. Intensification By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. (i) Low cost of labour(ii) Low cost of feeding(iii) Low capital investment e.g. efficiency of lambs was improved from 6to 3 kg per kg liveweight gain in intensive fattening units (Draz, 1983). No. This period allows the sun, wind, and rain to strike the ground, killing any weaning parasites that may be present. Profitable goat production is explained by an increased ratio of outputs (meat, milk, flees and skin) per production inputs (labour, feed and management costs). In order to sustain the animals and ensure better productivity, there is need to explore the available natural pasture for silage and hay making such that the animals could be adequately fed during the dry season.
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