which of the following is a testable hypothesis?

2. 12. Symbolic interactionism and ethnomethodology are often limited to the micro level. ANS: F a. a. Unlike correlational studies, which can only be used to determine if there is a relationship between two variables, experimental methods can be used to determine the actual nature of the relationshipwhether changes in one variable actuallycauseanother to change. Theories must always shape and direct research efforts. b. a. Kendra holds a Master of Science degree in education from Boise State University with a primary research interest in educational psychology and a Bachelor of Science in psychology from Idaho State University with additional coursework in substance use and case management. Axioms are fundamental assertions, assumed to be true that a theory is based upon. The research hypothesis is often called the alternative hypothesis. -In order to determine what type of fertilizer works best for growing flowers on his balcony, Joe plants flowers in three pots with three different types of fertilizes and measures their growth over time. precision, accuracy, reliability, and validity, getting consistent results from the same measure, getting results that accurately reflect the concept being measured, Four ways researchers can improve the reliability of their measures. ANS: F b. Bacteria do not like temperatures above 30 degrees Celsius. b. Which of the following is a scientific hypothesis? The scientific method involves the following steps: The hypothesis is a prediction, but it involves more than a guess. 4.No answer text This problem has been solved! e. What is the independent variable in Dr. Smith's Experiment? We are committed to engaging with you and taking action based on your suggestions, complaints, and other feedback. C. There were not enough variables in the experimental design. critical realism e. observation Try to write the hypothesis as an if-then statement. -Weights of five different dog breeds is a factor that changes during an experiment. 3. Which of the following outlines the steps in the traditional deductive model? a. A. helps living geckos stand upright and walk Which of the following measurements is probably the least valuable in such an experiment? Which of the following is a testable hypothesis? Which of the following is a scientifically testable hypothesis about ice cream? 1. In research, there is a convention that the hypothesis is written in two forms, the null hypothesis, and the alternative hypothesis (called the experimental hypothesis when the method of investigation is an experiment ). b. Freda developed a theory and a hypothesis about adjustment to retirement as related to gender. 60 seconds . For example, a person has skin cancer, you can't prove they got it from being out in the sun. e. Once a researcher has formed a testable hypothesis, the next step is to select a research design and start collecting data. structural functionalism, Distressed by his adolescent cousin's acts of delinquency, Bob decides to research why some adolescents become delinquents. three For those you think are not, suggest reasons why. b. Which one of the following is NOT a function of theories? A researcher must always use a null hypothesis in conducting research. 2) It is a tentative explanation. hypothesis. C. Altered temperature may affect gas production, which measures fermentation rate. a trend or fact, that indicates the state or level of something, differentiates between items or subjects based only on their names or (meta-)categories and other qualitative classifications they belong to, allows for rank order (1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.) e. The most trustworthy source of scientific information is: (Choose the single best answer.) Jeremy attended a chamber music concert. Lets consider a hypothesis that many teachers might subscribe to: that students work better on Monday morning than they do on a Friday afternoon (IV=Day, DV=Standard of work). Which of the following statements presents a testable hypothesis? c. A. For obvious ethical reasons, researchers cannot create a situation in which a person behaves aggressively toward others. -Almond trees produce larger almonds if they are watered daily and fertilizer is used. Which one of the following adapted Darwin's idea of survival of the fittest to societies and believed that society was getting better and better? hypotheses. In many cases, researchers may find that the results of an experimentdo notsupport the original hypothesis. symbolic interactionist paradigm. A animal cell or a plant cell? alternative hypothesis. Fred's goal is, therefore, to develop a(n) ________ about marriage. following micronutrients: APEX Bio Sem 1, what is a good hypothesis for "Turning milk into plastic", what is a good hypothesis for turning milk into plastic. D. all of the above. Calculate s2s^2s2 and sss. Laws explain the phenomena under study. Frankie assumed that kids like to be respected by other kids. Theories seek to provide logical explanations. 4.No answer text. A researcher who defines "elite families" as those with annual incomes larger than $250,000 has __________ this concept. . c. E.g., adults will correctly recall more words than children. should always come before empirical research. a. theorized, The __________ paradigm focuses on the attempt of individuals and groups to dominate others and to avoid being dominated. Experimental methodsare used to demonstrate causal relationships between variables. A. 6. A. b. So, optionb is incorrect. B. The final step in deductive theory construction is to: critical religion theory, Roberto wants to study how newly engaged couples communicate with each other. Which of the following are appropriate hypotheses that the farmer could test? They provide a paradigm for future research. -Sarah observes that a specific type of ant keeps showing up in her kitchen, which leads her to wonder what the ant is attracted to. B. psychology, Matthew is interested in studying why a great number of adolescents across the United States become juvenile delinquents. metaphysics A researcher wants to find out if spraying apples with pesticide In order to measure this variable, the researcher must devise a measurement that assesses aggressive behavior without harming other people. Most of the time, the hypothesis begins with a question which is then explored through background research. Which of the following is a testable hypothesis? All of these choices are equally likely to be researched by a symbolic interactionist. It is a specific, testable prediction about what you expect to happen in a study. If there is evidence in the literature to support a specific effect on the independent variable on the dependent variable, write a directional (one-tailed) hypothesis.If there are limited or ambiguous findings in the literature regarding the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable, write a non-directional (two-tailed) hypothesis. 9. The correct answer is : Garden plants grow better in wet soil than in dry soil. c. differs from the control group by the one variable that is being tested in the experiment. ", "Children who receive a new reading intervention will perform better than students who did not receive the intervention. Interpret the meaning of the Y intercept, b0b_0b0 -. deductive theory b. General explanation for a natural phenomena a. Students sometimes confuse the idea of falsifiability with the idea that it means that something is false, which is not the case. A theory is a principle formed to explain the things already shown in data. Scientific laws differ from scientific theories in that. d. d. She wanted to examine the causes and consequences of class among women, with a particular focus on how stratification systems often oppress women. Which of the following is a testable hypothesis. conflict paradigm The fundamental models or frames of reference we use to organize our observations and reasoning are: 5. c. The basil plant has not been watered adequately d. The gnomes have not visited the basil plant recently 3. a. a. b. Men are more likely than women to vote to acquit on juries. Which of the following paradigms is May probably using? Nevid J. 3. observation (gathering data). critical race theories. symbolic interactionism Hypotheses should be written as statements, not -Miguel's car doesn't start in the morning, so he methodically checks one possible component at a time to try to figure out why his car will not start. Paradigms are grounded in sets of assumptions about the nature of reality. experiment. B. philosophy. b. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Dreyer's ice cream. d. Write the hypothesis in such a way that you can prove or disprove it. e. e. Roses are more beautiful than violets. axiom. ethnomethodology. b. ", "Younger people who are regularly exposed to green, outdoor areas have better subjective well-being than older adults who have limited exposure to green spaces. C. A positive statement concerns what somebody believes should happen; a normative statement concerns what will This problem has been solved! ", "People with high-sugar diets and sedentary activity levels are more likely to develop depression. Given the choices below, what is the earliest age at which environment could potentially shape the preferences of a child? If temperature is increased, then gas production, which measures fermentation rate, will increase. a. axiom B. in middle school, where there is pressure to participate in gender-specific sports and activities Y^i=160.5Xi, a. All of these choices illustrate the null hypothesis. Dr. Helmenstine holds a Ph.D. in biomedical sciences and is a science writer, educator, and consultant. For Popper, science should attempt to disprove a theory, rather than attempt to continually support theoretical hypotheses. identify your concepts. d. b. ANS: F e. null hypothesis. The paradigm that says that societies developed because the most advanced groups were able to dictate growth and policy is known as B. the first synthetic self-cleaning dry adhesive made of polypropylene Juvenile delinquency is a social problem. 17. Yoel submitted an article describing his results, which was reviewed by other scientists. operationalization, ethics, theory b. 2 a. e. Weber. test-retest method, the split-half method, the use of established measures, and the examination of work performed by research workers. A hypothesis is not always testable C. A hypothesis can prove a person's values. conduct a literature review. hypothesis about ice cream? conflict Frankie began his theorizing on delinquency in schools by stating that he takes it to be true that kids like to be respected by other kids. Some of the main types of hypotheses that you might use include: A hypothesis often follows a basic format of "If {this happens} then {this will happen}." ANS: F Kendra Cherry, MS,is the author of the "Everything Psychology Book (2nd Edition)"and has written thousands of articles on diverse psychology topics. c. You can specify conditions of storing and accessing cookies in your browser. ANS: F (Choose the single best answer.) construct your concepts. specify the range of phenomena your theory addresses. one variable. Does your hypothesis include independent and dependent variables? Which of the following statements exemplifies a null hypothesis? c. structural functionalism biology hypothesis testing Professor Middler has probably adopted a(n) _______ approach to the study of crime. Tags: Question 6 . 16. Tara is conducting a research study to examine the reasons why white collar criminals are given relatively minor sentences, while street criminals are faced with much more severe penalties, even when the financial damage lower. She has taught science courses at the high school, college, and graduate levels. How would you operationally define a variable such as aggression? 4. There will be no changes in the dependent variable due to the manipulation of the independent variable. Does your hypothesis focus on something that you can actually test? the variation in measurements taken by a single person or instrument on the same item and under the same conditions. Psychology: Concepts and Applications. selecting indicators to measure the concept. b. c. a hypothesis. You can d. d. a measure of how well one variable or set of variables predicts an outcome based on information from other variables, the degree to which a test measures what it claims, or purports, to be measuring. e. A link in a mechanism is to be subjected to a tensile force that varies from 350035003500 to 500N500 \mathrm{~N}500N in a cyclical fashion as the mechanism runs. Which flavor of ice cream has more Calories? A testable hypothesis must be a relational statement between two or more variable. What was an important limitation in the experiments shown in the video? feminist A plant needs at least five hours of sunlight per day to grow. e. Some variables are more difficult than others to define. the group of apples that receives the pesticide c. Roses are more beautiful than violets. While doing research on crime, Professor Middler notes that crime creates jobs in law enforcement and related careers. A null hypothesis is the evidence of an independent variable's effect on a dependent variable. He is particularly interested in how each person defines such symbols as the engagement ring, and how each communicates the relationship to others. A hypothesis is an assumption made before any research has been done. d. Write a test program that reads a 444 * 444 matrix and A) High levels of salt in soil will probably affect plant growth by either making the plants grow better or causing the plants to die. develop a hypothesis. In practice, scientific inquiry typically alternates between deduction and induction. There are two basic types of research methods: descriptive research and experimental research. c. d. a. Complete the design of the link, specifying a suitable cross-sectional shape and dimensions. identical twin? Women are more likely than men to vote to acquit on juries. This type of research method might be used to investigate a hypothesis that is difficult to test experimentally. A) laws explain observations and theories describe observations.B) laws describe observations and theories explain observations.C) theories eventually become laws.D) no difference exists. ANS: T After careful analysis, it is concluded that parrots are prettier than crows. It just states that there will be a difference. A scientific theory is: B. an explanation supported by a very large amount of experimental evidence. Temperature decreases will affect gas production and fermentation much of the time. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. Mead "Students who eat breakfast will perform better on a math exam than students who do not eat breakfast. A. ANS: F 1) Previous knowledge can help support it. answer choices Roses are more beautiful than violets. See answers Advertisement evalutate B is the correct answer because none of this that you put are testable. zero Ice cream is delicious. It contains more complex allows for the degree of difference between items, but not the ratio between them. Paradigms gain or lose in popularity. Read our. Imagine your car doesn't start on the morning before school. e. a scientifically testable Surely the alternative (or experimental) hypothesis is more important? d. A directional (one-tailed) hypothesis predicts the nature of the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable. The purpose of double-blind experiments is to: C. minimize bias in the results of an experiment. This is one reason why a thorough peer review process is required so as to ensure that scientists fully consider all possibilities. This notation represents. is the only element necessary for accurate research. A fundamental requirement of a hypothesis is that is can be tested against reality, and can then be supported or rejected. ANS: F D. If my hypothesis is correct, I can expect certain test results. Collect as many observations about a topic or problem as you can. a. Which of the following explanations flows from the conflict paradigm in attempting to explain the differences in lawsuits between the two villages? structural functionalism A testable hypothesis is ahypothesis that can be proved or disproved as a result of testing, data collection, or experience. However, you can demonstrate a relationship between exposure to ultraviolet light and increased risk of skin cancer. Body of interconnected concepts supported by scientific research (scientific method) including experimental evidence E. It must demonstrate the effect of one variable by testing control groups and experimental groups. ANS: F Why? Which paradigm would be best to describe this study? B. Yoel should examine the diet of brown anole lizards from islands where only brown anole lizards live. ", "There will be no difference in scores on a memory recall task between children and adults. B) A plant is dying because of the direction of spinning of the earth. Which of the following topics would a macrotheorist be more likely to study than a microtheorist? hypothesis. (Choose the single answer that is a testable hypothesis, even if it is not a correct hypothesis!) What Are the Elements of a Good Hypothesis? Takes a long time to formulate but is the closest thing to "fact" or "truth" in science C. b. In practice, scientific inquiry involves the use of both at the same time. literature review. Genetic drift produces variation for evolution when _____. If we water the wilted basil plant then it will become healthy. e. They prevent our being taken in by flukes. e. As a social science student, you conclude that Jeremy was probably doing research using a(n) One way to structure your hypothesis is to describe what will happen to thedependent variableif you change theindependent variable. If I brush my teeth, I will get fewer cavities than if I don't brush my teeth. b. It is formed so that it can be tested to see if it might be true. A testable hypothesis is a hypothesis that can be proved or disproved as a result of testing, data collection, or experience. B. relax their suction cups According to the traditional model of science, scientists begin with: Spencer The built-up shaft is designed to rotate at 450rpm450 \mathrm{rpm}450rpm. possesses a meaningful (unique and non-arbitrary) zero value. Does the type of flour you use make a difference? Put an X next to all the statements that can be considered ThoughtCo, Apr. will be made if a hypothesis is true Which of the following statements about paradigms is FALSE? Hypotheses should be written as statements, not c. a. In an experiment, the researcher systematically manipulates a variable of interest (known as the independent variable) and measures the effect on another variable (known as the dependent variable). c. -Daily temperatures in New York City over 3 years 12. None of these choices are correct. C. Bacteria are happiest when they are warm. Darwinist theory It suggests that for a theory to be considered scientific it must be able to be tested and conceivably proven false. How many variables should there be in a well-designed experiment? Because of the rigors of experiment and control, it is much more likely that a theory will be true than a hypothesis. b. It is helpful to form hypotheses because they help focus your investigation on a single idea to be tested. (Choose the single best answer.) Be sure that it follows these guidelines: b. Which flavor of ice cream has more Calories? Examples of a complex hypothesis include: Scientific Method Steps in Psychology Research, Introduction to Research Methods in Psychology, Types of Variables in Psychology Research, Correlation Studies in Psychology Research, How the Experimental Method Works in Psychology, How Social Psychologists Conduct Their Research, How to Write a Methods Section for a Psychology Paper, Internal Validity vs. 1. Which of the following is a testable hypothesis? This article explores how a hypothesis is used in psychology research, how to write a good hypothesis, and the different types of hypotheses you might use. c. A normative economic statement is a testable hypothesis about cause and effect. Scientific hypothesis refers to a proposed or tentative explanation for the occurrence of a particular phenomenon. in an experiment yields data against which other groups are compared. c. d. Test with =.05\alpha=.05=.05 to determine whether we can infer that the population variance differs from 300. c. Jayne refuses to cheat on an exam that many of her friends have shown her copies. The first step in conducting research is to: Constructed knowledge is a major concept in positivism. The basic format might be: "If {these changes are made to a certain independent variable}, then we will observe {a change in a specific dependent variable}.". it or describe it. Which of the following explanations is a testable hypotheses?A) a sugar crystal is forming faster because it is grown in a cold environment.B) A plant is dying because of the direction of spinning of the earth.C)a bird lays more eggs because of the intensity of thunderstorms D) a burp increases the weight of a baby. ThoughtCo. What happens if you test a hypothesis multiple times and the data doesn't . d. c. https://www.thoughtco.com/testable-hypothesis-explanation-and-examples-609100 (accessed May 1, 2023). Where does operationalization begin and end? Scientific community analysis and feedback. (Highlight your answer) a. If the radius of the fillet weld connecting the shafts is r=13.2mmr=13.2 \mathrm{~mm}r=13.2mm, and the allowable shear stress for the material is allow=150MPa\tau_{\text {allow }}=150 \mathrm{MPa}allow=150MPa, determine the maximum power the shaft can transmit. d. structural functionalism Now that you know what a testable hypothesis is, here are tips for proposing one. A hypothesis is an educated guess made by the researchers. The state. ANS: F c. The alternative hypothesis states that there is a relationship between the two variables being studied (one variable has an effect on the other). b. However, the residents of Niigata, a fishing village forty miles up the river from the factory, filed lawsuits against the chemical company. right corner in the square matrix. reason logically from what is known (data) to your specific topic. Only testable hypotheses can be used to conceive and perform an experiment using the scientific method . concepts. This expectation is known as a: Professor May wants to learn how grandparents define their role when they become the guardians of their grandchild. The difference between a theory and a hypothesis is that:A. In a ______________ experiment, the researchers--but not the participants--know who receives the treatment and who does not, to eliminate subjective bias. Which of the following analogies best describes the process of science? feminist paradigms 39. Which of the following illustrates the use of the inductive method? While the hypothesis predicts what the researchers expect to see, the goal of the research is to determine whether this guess is right or wrong. Many authors will suggest questions that still need to be explored. c. b. 7. pick a topic that interests you. to consider the ethics of the study. Decide on a direction for your prediction. He is in which phase of research construction? Ethnomethodology argues that there is no objective reality in life. fundamental assertions on which theory is grounded that are assumed to be true. early positivism, Modesto was concerned that many respected theories of stratification were based on data about men. A hypothesis is often based on the experiences of the researcher along with discussions with other scientists. feminist The introduction of a predator that lives on the ground caused the green anole lizard population to evolve. Which of the following describes organisms in the Kingdom Animalia? (C) Calcium is an essential nutrient for our bones. D. Tentative explanation that can be tested and is falsifiable. However, you can measure whether or not eating french fries is associated with breaking out. Only testable hypotheses can be used to conceive and perform an experiment using the scientific method. Content is reviewed before publication and upon substantial updates. One of the hallmarks ofpseudoscienceis that it makes claims that cannot be refuted or proven false. Mead How do they have e. a. Kendra Cherry, MS,is the author of the "Everything Psychology Book (2nd Edition)"and has written thousands of articles on diverse psychology topics. The statement is right but is not a hypothesis. a. A. Which of the following statements is(are) TRUE? early positivism, . ANS: T Hypothesis testing example. and "Do you feel more like a parent or a grandparent?" positivistic D. 2. e. Which paradigm would be best? a. theoretical expectation, testable hypothesis, operationalization of concepts, observations b. operationalization of concepts, theoretical expectation, testable hypothesis, observations c. operationalization of concepts, testable hypotheses, observations, theoretical expectation d. symbolic interactionism ________ is a proposed explanation for a set of observations. You can draw and label Kendra holds a Master of Science degree in education from Boise State University with a primary research interest in educational psychology and a Bachelor of Science in psychology from Idaho State University with additional coursework in substance use and case management. You want to test whether there is a relationship between gender and height. Paradigms are neither true nor false. He conducts ____________ research. It really doesn't matter how many variables there are. ANS: F theory, operationalization, observation e. It should include phrases such as "more than", "less than", "greater than", "different from", or "related to". This site is using cookies under cookie policy . A plant needs at least five hours of sunlight per day to grow. There is molecular and biochemical evidence that all organisms are related. conflict 25. 5. D. at age 3 or 4, when children are dressed in gender-specific clothing, D. at age 3 or 4, when children are dressed in gender-specific clothing, Fraternal twins share _____ of the same genes, while identical twins share _____ of the same genes. ANS: F concept. c. Experimentation to answer a scientific question leads to more questions T or F, A hypothesis is much more general than a scientific theory, All scientific study begins with observations and the formation of testable __________, Any department of systematic knowledge; study of various collections of data or phenomenon, Simple observations are made using the five senses, notes are taken, current problem is stated and research previous-data are studied, An educated guess developed based on observations, always a statement never a question, statement must be able to be tested, Tests hypothesis which leads to further observations and gathering of new data, experimental design includes writing down the procedure (steps) to be used, design should include: tests groups-able to change (the variables) and control groups-never change (the constants), Results are analyzed (data are interpreted), experiments never prove anything they will simply support or not support (reject) the hypothesis initially stated (this will be based on experimental results and the data analysis), Proposed general explanation for a natural phenomenon
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