He is particularly noted for his tenure as Minister for Health in Clement Attlees government, in which he pioneered the creation of the British National Health Service. His parents had ten children togetherfour died in infancy and one died at the age of eight. He was a strong critic of the arming policy the British government adopted during the rise of Hitler. Why this is so it is not difficult to understand, if you view everything from the angle of a strictly individualistic competitive society. Nonetheless, for the next few years, Bevan was at the centre of controversy within the party earning the nickname Nye the Rhetorician and ultimately gave his name to the partys more left-leaning radical wing, which included campaigning for nuclear disarmament. 'Nye is asleep next door. From 1950, onwards it's been attacked, the reason he resigned from government, but has managed to last 75yrs. Bevans role as Minister for Health was hugely important given Labours pledge to create a welfare state that included sick pay, unemployment benefits, pensions and free healthcare for all, irrespective of wealth or background. "[56], The 1945 general election resulted in a landslide victory for the Labour Party, giving it a large enough majority to allow the implementation of the party's manifesto commitments and to introduce a programme of far-reaching social reforms, that were collectively dubbed the "Welfare State". Despite his conflict with Attlee, Bevan was instrumental in developing a program that oversaw the building of 850,000 new homes between 1945 and 1950, which were good quality houses, owned by local councils and rented out to people at affordable prices. We will send you the latest TV programmes, podcast episodes and articles, as well as exclusive offers from our shop and carefully selected partners. [46] Historian Max Hastings described Bevan's role in Parliament during the war as "his figures were accurate but his scorn was at odds with the spirit of the momentfull of gratitude, as was the prime minister". Aneurin Bevan was born in Tredegar in 1897 into a large mining family and left school at 13 to work in the mine. He was convinced that. Aneurin " Nye " Bevan PC (15 November 1897 - 6 July 1960) was a Welsh Labour politician. He was cremated at Gwent Crematorium, Croesyceiliog. Read more. Aneurin Bevan, byname Nye Bevan, (born November 15, 1897, Tredegar, Monmouthshire [now in Blaenau Gwent], Walesdied July 6, 1960, Chesham, Buckinghamshire), controversial figure in post-World War II British politics and one of the finest orators of the time. . [123][124] An open-air service was held in his constituency of Ebbw Vale and was presided over by Donald Soper. His creation of the National Health Service in 1948 remains Labour's most enduring legacy to the people of the United Kingdom.During the war years he was virtually a one-man opposition to Churchill and had . In January 1951, Bevan became Minister for Labour but resigned in protest just three months later after Hugh Gaitskell, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, proposed an introduction of prescription charges for dental care and spectacles in order to save a potential 25 million to meet the financial demands of the Korean War. Corrections? Bevan ended up in a fist fight with a group of miners who refused to strike over his rejection. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. In 1934,Aneurin BevanmarriedSocialist MP, Jennie Lee. [36] He was a strong critic of Chamberlain, arguing that his old rival Winston Churchill should become prime minister. In Parliament, Bevan argued that this was the logical outcome of the government's foreign policy. Bevan's key speeches in the legislative arena are to be found in: For the local health board headquartered in Caerleon, Wales, see, Minister of Labour and National Service (1951). After his resignation, Bevan served as Shadow Foreign Secretary from 1955 to 1959. Aneurin Bevan, was born at 32 Charles Street, Tredegar, on 15th November 1897. Additionally, he was a brilliant spontaneous debater and a colorful public personality. Whether you want to learn the history of a city, or you simply need a recommendation for your next meal, Discover Walks Team offers an ever-growing travel encyclopaedia. In 1925, Bevans father died of pneumoconiosis, a lung condition caused by long term inhalation of coal dust, but no compensation was paid. Aneurin Bevan, Minister of Health, on the first day of the National Health Service, 5 July 1948 at Park Hospital, Davyhulme, near Manchester. Aneurin Bevan - Powered by, Weapons for squalid and trivial ends House of Commons, December 5 1956, NHS 70th Anniversary and 2018 Annual Lecture, The 2017 Aneurin Bevan Memorial Lecture Professor John Bew. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. William Shakespeares Wife: Who Was Anne Hathaway? Members of the BMA had dubbed him the "Tito of Tonypandy". Discover Walks contributors speak from all corners of the world - from Prague to Bangkok, Barcelona to Nairobi. [127], Bevan's most significant legacy is the National Health Service. [40] Bevan now called unsuccessfully for a Popular Front against fascism under the leadership of the Labour Party, including even anti-fascist Tories. There, he spent two years studying economics, politics and history. We want the complete political extinction of the Tory Party, and twenty-five years of Labour Government. In 2004, more than 44 years after his death, he was voted first in a list of 100 Welsh Heroes, having been credited for his contribution to the founding of the welfare state in the UK. He became minister of labour in January 1951 but resigned from the government the following April in protest against the rearmament program, which necessitated sharp cutbacks in social expenditures. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. [34] Bevan was readmitted to the party on 20 December 1939,[35] after agreeing "to refrain from conducting or taking part in campaigns in opposition to the declared policy of the Party".[36][37]. [5] Bevan also joined the Tredegar branch of the South Wales Miners' Federation and became a trade union activist: he was head of his local Miners' Lodge at 19 years of age. To achieve mastery as a speaker, he had first to overcome a speech impediment. However, Attlee commented that Bevan was "starting with me with a clean sheet" following his appointment. [45] Bevan also feared that allowing Churchill to continue unopposed and unchallenged in Parliament during the war would leave him almost unbeatable for the Labour Party in future elections. He joined the Labour Party and attended Central Labour College in London. He died on 6 July 1960. Bevan gained more than twice the votes of Liberal candidate William Griffiths, receiving 20,000 votes to Griffiths' 8,000. Although he was defeated, he gained attention from his peers and he won a scholarship to the Central Labour College in London, sponsored by the South Wales Miners' Federation. Two of the key elements of Bevan's proposals were this nationalisation of the hospital services and the abolition of the sale and purchase of goodwill by general practitioners. Photo by Jeremy Segrott from Cardiff, Wales, UK - Wikimedia Commons He developed a severe stammer as a child and, according to his younger sister Myfanwy, became "a lonely chap", due to the need to shy away from the attention it brought him.[5]. But seven decades after it was founded, a 2013 opinion poll conducted on behalf of British Future found that the NHS was more popular than at its creation, and more popular than the monarchy, the BBC, and the British Armed Forces. [99] For the next five years, he was the leader of the left wing of the Labour Party, who became known as Bevanites. He died on July 6, 1960, leaving a significant legacy, namely the National Health Service. Along that road is endless retreat, and at the end of it a voluntary totalitarian State with ourselves erecting the barbed wire around. Find out more about how the BBC is covering the. On 5 July 1948, the government took over responsibility for all medical services and there was free diagnosis and treatment for all. [100] In April 1954, Bevan resigned from the Parliamentary Labour Party, having been rebuked by Attlee after accusing the Labour leader of surrendering to American pressure over a proposed multi-national defence organisation in Asia and the Pacific. "Oratory in Political Life,", This page was last edited on 14 April 2023, at 03:25. After two years at Central Labour College, London, he entered politics and in 1929 was elected to the House of Commons as Labour member from Ebbw Vale. He read Marxism at the college and was a brief follower of Noah Ablett,[11][12] developing his left-wing political outlook. Conway is in the middle of the picture. Inspired by the Tredegar Medical Aid Society in his hometown in South Wales, Bevan led the campaign for a National Health Service to provide medical care free at point-of-need across the UK, regardless of wealth. [84][85] During his tenure, he helped to secure a deal for railwaymen which provided them with a significant pay increase. [98], Out of office, Bevan soon exacerbated the split within the Labour Party between the right and the left which weakened the party in the 1950s. This was after he had won a seat on the Monmouthshire County Council in 1928. Student Activities. [67][65] Some 2,688 voluntary and municipal hospitals in England and Wales were nationalised and came under Bevan's supervisory control as Health Minister. Use the tabs above to learn about Nye Bevan's life, work and ideas, as well as the history of the NHS. Though described as an outstanding back-bench critic and an excellent debater, Bevan had long clashed with Attlee, even before being in his cabinet, because he thought he hadnt held the Tory party to account properly throughout World War Two. Macmillan noted that despite being a "controversial figure" during his career, Bevan's death had seen an outpouring of genuine "admiration and affection". Use the tabs aboveto learn about Nye Bevans life, work and ideas, as well as the history of the NHS. Photo by Lesbardd Wikimedia Commons. Bevan followed his advice, often practising his speeches to his friends to perfect his speech and wording, and remarked that Conway's words were the "best advice I ever had". A blue plaque was erected in 2015 by English Heritage at 23 Cliveden Place, Chelsea, London SW1W 8HD, Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea. [57][58] These reforms were achieved in the face of great financial difficulty following the war. Raised in Monmouthshire by a Welsh working-class family, he was the son of a coal miner and left school at 14. Aneurin Bevan was the son of coal miner David Bevan and Phoebe, a seamstress. In its early stages this proved true, as the service went vastly over budget in its inaugural year, and Attlee was forced to make a radio address to the nation in an attempt to limit the strain on the system. With his posture, the manager of the colliery found reasons to lay him off but with support from the Miners Federation, he was re-employed by the company as his case was seen as victimization. [41] The Military Training Act 1939 reintroduced conscription six months later, and Bevan joined the rest of the Labour Party in opposing it, calling it "the complete abandonment of any hope of a successful struggle against the weight of wealth in Great Britain". The facts, figures and quotes that shaped the history of the National Health Service . Bevan also failed in a bid to become deputy leader, losing out to Jim Griffiths. [44] Churchill was a frequent target of Bevan's, who already held a dislike of him following his intervention in the Tonypandy riots and the 1926 United Kingdom general strike which Bevan considered heavy handed. This club was aimed at helping members in monetary terms in their times of need. You cannot collaborate, you cannot accept the logic of collaboration on a first class issue like rearmament, and at the same time evade the implications of collaboration all along the line when the occasion demands it.[38]. Photo by Geoff Charles Wikimedia Commons. [6] He worked at the butcher's for several months before leaving school, instead working in the local Ty-Trist Colliery. [129], A bronze statue was commissioned by South Glamorgan County Council and erected in 1987 in the city centre of Cardiff. This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS) enabled. It was Aneurin Bevan, the Minister of Health in the UK from 1945 to 1951, who started the NHS in 1948. Aneurin had a stammer as a child which he would later overcome and be recognised as a great public speaker. If we accept the contention that the common enemy is Hitler and not the British capitalist class, then certainly Churchill is right. [18], In 1928, Bevan won a seat on Monmouthshire County Council in the Tredegar Central Division. Aneurin Bevan Facts: Aneurin Bevan was a Welsh Labour politician widely considered the architect of the National Health Service. But it means abandonment of the class struggle and the subservience of the British workers to their own employers. Aneurin is second from right on the back row and his brother Billy is second right on front row. "[62] Government income was increased for the welfare state expenditure by a large increase in marginal tax rates for wealthy business owners in particular, as part of what the Labour government largely saw as the redistribution of the wealth created by the working-class from the owners of large-scale industry to the workers. The Tredegar Query Club by friends including Aneurin Bevan and Walter Conway. With his activism and exuberance, his employer Tredegar Iron Company saw him as a troublesome person but he amazingly became a popular local speaker. Nye gave us the greatest Socalist model ever seen in 1948. Aneurin Bevan was a founding member of the Query Club in 1920 alongside his brother. [95] According to The Times Literary Supplement, the book was a "dithyramb with meanderings into the many side-tracks of Mr Bevan's private and public experience". [101] He later said that he had resigned his position to "call attention to the fact that their movement was in grave crisis", and stated his belief that he would have been party chairman by the following year if he had remained. Happy travels! [115] Crossman later acknowledged that they had perjured themselves to do so.[116]. His work in the mines paid off as he gained sponsorship from the South Wales Miners Federation to study at Central Labour College in 1919. Therefore I say to Anthony, I say to the British government, there is no count at all upon which they can be defended.They have besmirched the name of Britain. His father was a miner and the poor working class family in which Bevan grew up gave him first-hand experience of the problems of poverty and disease. Bevan was not good academically and was at a time repeated for a year in school. After Bevan left the Health ministry in 1951 he could never regain his level of success and feuded with fellow Labour leaders, using his strong political base as a weapon. Did the Wars of the Roses End at the Battle of Tewkesbury? Aneurin Bevan The statue of Aneurin Bevan (1897-1960) by the late Robert Thomas on Queen Street Cardiff. Contact, Facts are available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. In one of his most noted speeches made against Churchill, he railed that the prime minister "wins debate after debate and loses battle after battle". Aneurin Bevan was born on 15 November 1897 at 32 Charles Street in Tredegar, Monmouthshire, a working-class mining town, where an estimated 90 per cent of the town's inhabitants relied on the local mines for employment. [51] He also voiced criticism of trade union leaders, which drew complaints from both the Miners' Federation and the Trades Union Congress. Aneurin Bevan was born on 15 November 1897 at 32 Charles Street in Tredegar, Monmouthshire, a working-class mining town, where an estimated 90 per cent of the town's inhabitants relied on the local mines for employment. Pronunciation of Aneurin Bevan: Learn how to pronounce the word Aneurin Bevan.Definition and meaning can be found here: https://www.google.com/search?q=defin. Some historians have questioned how influential the college was on his political development. [60] Bevan tested this newfound solidarity early on by arriving to a royal banquet at St James's Palace wearing a navy lounge suit. [28], He married fellow Socialist MP Jennie Lee in 1934, after they met in London. [1] The town was situated in the South Wales Valleys and was on the northern edge of the South Wales coalfield. The manager of the colliery found an excuse to have him dismissed; however, with the support of the Miners Federation, Bevans case was judged to be one of victimisation and the company was forced to re-employ him. Bevan was actually against British membership of the Common Market. The move was seen by some as a sideways or backwards step, although a potential rearmament program was expected to make the post of future importance. Dr James Calvert, medical director for Aneurin Bevan University Health Board, said it was important to remember the report was made during the pandemic, "which has significantly disrupted the . He published the bookIn Place of Fear in 1952, which became the most read socialist book at the time. Image Credit: https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portraitLarge/mw58048/Aneurin-Bevan / Wikimedia Commons, The Road to the Crown - Elizabeth I's Coronation Procession, Built by a Giantess? Aneurin had a stammer as a child which he would later overcome and be recognised as a great public speaker. "[49], Dunbar had been recommended for a commission, but rejected it himself to remain with his unit. After an overwhelming victory for the Labour Party in the 1945 General Election,Aneurin Bevanwas appointed Minister for Health also responsible for housing by Prime Minister Clement Attlee. After the war, Bevan was chosen as the Minister of Health in Clement Attlee's new Labour government, becoming the youngest member of the cabinet at 47, with his remit also including housing. In 1928, Bevan won a seat on Monmouthshire County Council in the Tredegar Central Division. As exposure to the atmosphere reduces all mummies to instant dissolution, so war passes supreme judgment upon social systems that have outlived their vitality. In 1924, he found a job at the Bedwellty Colliery which would close down in just ten months. The NHS was funded by a slight increase in taxes, and government income tax was increased for the welfare state expenses. Despite Bevan's criticism of the new party leader, Gaitskell decided to appoint him as Shadow Colonial Secretary,[109] and then Shadow Foreign Secretary in 1956. London.A man presents Mr Aneurin (Nye) Bevan, Minister of Health, to a large gathering of National Federation of Building Trades Operatives - natural sound. In 1929, Bevan was elected as the Labour member of parliament for Ebbw Vale. [88][89] Two other ministers, John Freeman and Harold Wilson, resigned at the same time. Reciting long passages by William Morris with the help of an elocution tutor, Bevan gradually began to overcome the stammer that he had since childhood. After the landslide Labour victory in the 1945 general election, Bevan was appointed minister of health, responsible for establishing the National Health Service. Aneurin "Nye" Bevan PC (/narn bvn/; Welsh:[an.rn]; 15 November 1897 6 July 1960) was a Welsh Labour Party politician, noted for tenure as Minister of Health in Clement Attlee's government in which he spearheaded the creation of the British National Health Service. We can't allow OUR NHS, built on the working class medical society model to fall to corporate greed. Aneurin's mother was also from Tredegar, but had English roots: her grandfather was from Hereford. It was one of a long row of four-roomed miners' cottages. "[55] At the beginning of the 1945 general election campaign, Bevan told his audience that his goal was to eliminate any opposition to the Labour programme: "We have been the dreamers, we have been the sufferers, now we are the builders. [127] Labour leader Hugh Gaitskell also paid tribute to his former shadow cabinet member and ended his speech by labelling Bevan as "one of the great men of our day". [136], In 2015, Welsh actor Michael Sheen gave a speech in which he described Bevan as a mythical creature, stating, "He had cast-iron integrity and a raging passion".[12]. His nomination received a severe blow on the same day it was announced, when two unions that traditionally sided with the left, the National Union of Mineworkers and the Amalgamated Engineering Union, pledged their support for his opponent. I believe that is essential for the full life of citizen to see the living tapestry of a mixed community. In 1934, he married fellow MP Jennie Lee, who was described as more left-wing than Nye. The club intended to break the hold that the Tredegar Iron and Coal Company had on the town by becoming members of pivotal groups in the community. His opposition to the Labour leadership's approach was partly based on his view that the leadership of the Labour Party was not demanding assurances from the Government on its foreign policy as a price for the party's support for re-armament as expressed in his speech to the Bournemouth Conference of that year: we should say to the country we are prepared to make whatever sacrifices are necessary, to give whatever arms are necessary to fight Fascist powers and in order to consolidate world peace[39]. [113] According to the journalist Paul Routledge, Donald Bruce, a former MP and Parliamentary Private Secretary and adviser to Bevan, had told him that Bevan's shift on the disarmament issue was the result of discussions with the Soviet government, where they advised him to push for British retention of nuclear weapons so they could possibly be used as a bargaining chip in negotiations with the United States.[114]. Like many other students of Bevans class, his formal education ended when he was 14 years of age when he began to work in the mines. If we are going to appeal to force, if force is to be the arbiter to which we appeal, it would at least make common sense to try to make sure beforehand that we have got it, even if you accept that abysmal logic, that decadent point of view.We are in fact in the position today of having appealed to force in the case of a small nation, where if it is appealed to against us it will result in the destruction of Great Britain, not only as a nation, but as an island containing living men and women.
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