The rotational velocity has a maximum value of 225km/s (140mi/s) at 1,300ly (82,000,000AU) from the core, and it has its minimum possibly as low as 50km/s (31mi/s) at 7,000ly (440,000,000AU) from the core. Further out, rotational velocity rises out to a radius of 33,000ly (2.1109AU), where it reaches a peak of 250km/s (160mi/s). Observers using telescopes to search for comets had been seeing 'nebulae' for some time, a name that referred to any blurry night-sky object that wasn't a comet. The nearest major spiral galaxy to our own Milky Way galaxy, the Andromeda Galaxy (also called M31) is 2,538,000 light years from Earth. [54] The radio results (similar mass to the Milky Way Galaxy) should be taken as likeliest as of 2018, although clearly, this matter is still under active investigation by several research groups worldwide. Andromeda and the Triangulum Galaxy (M33) had a very close passage 24 billion years ago. He's a sundial aficionado, whose love for the heavens has taken him to Lake Titicaca in Bolivia and sailing in the North Atlantic, where he earned his celestial navigation certificate through the School of Ocean Sailing and Navigation. The virial mass of the Andromeda Galaxy is of the same order of magnitude as that of the Milky Way, at 1trillion solar masses (2.01042 kilograms). The Magellanic Clouds are irregular dwarf galaxies orbiting our Milky Way galaxy. But its turned face-on to us, and so has a low surface brightness. The Andromeda Galaxy, which appears as a milky blur to the naked eye, is one of not many galaxies that can be visible to the naked eye. Simulations show that the smaller galaxy passed through the disk of the Andromeda Galaxy along the latter's polar axis. It is 4.3 light years away. Using the formula time = distance/velocity, we can estimate how long ago Andromeda was from the point of view of our mixed style. Alternative spiral structures have been proposed such as a single spiral arm[80] or a flocculent[81] pattern of long, filamentary, and thick spiral arms. Once youve found Cassiopeia, look for its star Schedar. Over the past 2 billion years, star formation throughout Andromeda's disk is thought to have decreased to the point of near-inactivity. [114], M110 also appears to be interacting with the Andromeda Galaxy, and astronomers have found in the halo of the latter a stream of metal-rich stars that appear to have been stripped from these satellite galaxies. [75] A possible cause of such a warp could be gravitational interaction with the satellite galaxies near the Andromeda Galaxy. Although several dozen minor galaxies lie closer to our Milky Way, the Andromeda galaxy is the closest large spiral galaxy to ours. [105] The most massive of these clusters, identified as Mayall II, nicknamed Globular One, has a greater luminosity than any other known globular cluster in the Local Group of galaxies. We have also recorded an episode of Astronomy Cast about galaxies Episode 97: Galaxies. View our Privacy Policy. [109], Unlike the globular clusters of the Milky Way, which show a relatively low age dispersion, Andromeda Galaxy's globular clusters have a much larger range of ages: from systems as old as the galaxy itself to much younger systems, with ages between a few hundred million years to five billion years. Ive heard that the Andromeda galaxy will someday collide with our galaxy! Another massive globular cluster, named 037-B327 and discovered in 2006 as is heavily reddened by the Andromeda Galaxy's interstellar dust, was thought to be more massive than G1 and the largest cluster of the Local Group;[108] however, other studies have shown it is actually similar in properties to G1. The spiral arms of the Andromeda Galaxy are outlined by a series of HII regions, first studied in great detail by Walter Baade and described by him as resembling "beads on a string". Charles Messier cataloged it as M31 in his 1764 list. There is currently only one very strong candidate planet in the Andromeda Galaxy, temporarily named PA-99-N2. The nearly invisible halo stretches about a million light-years from its host galaxy, halfway to our Milky Way Galaxy. )So the nearest galaxy is roughly 15 000 000 000 000 000 000 miles (#15 xx 10^18 # miles) It is located about 2,480,000 light-years from Earth; its diameter is approximately 200,000 light-years; and it shares various characteristics with the Milky Way system. [110], In 2005, astronomers discovered a completely new type of star cluster in the Andromeda Galaxy. For the smartphone, see, A true color picture of the Andromeda Galaxy with, PA-99-N2 event and possible exoplanet in galaxy, This is the diameter as measured through the D, average(787 18, 770 40, 772 44, 783 25) = ((787 + 770 + 772 + 783) / 4) (18, Blue absolute magnitude of 21.58 (see reference) , "The median values of the Milky Way and Andromeda masses are M, Universal Natural History and Theory of the Heavens, de VaucouleursSandage extended classification system, rotational velocity of the Andromeda Galaxy, "Andromeda's Stellar Halo Shows Galaxy's Origin to Be Similar to That of Milky Way", "The Andromeda galaxy hosts a trillion stars", "Milky Way tips the scales at 1.5 trillion solar masses", "New Research Says the Milky Way Is Far Bigger Than We Thought Possible. Going fast! While it may seem like a collision between two galaxies can only result in destruction, galaxy mergers frequently result in massive bursts of star formation. Youll be hopping to the Andromeda galaxy from the Great Square of Pegasus. Loose OB associations. One of the explanations for this is the gravitational lensing of a red giant by a star with a mass between 0.02 and 3.6 times that of the Sun, which suggested that the star is likely orbited by a planet. The Virgo Supercluster is thought to be one of millions of superclusters in the observable universe. Well send you tons of inspiration to help you find a hidden gem in your local area or plan a big day out. These stars belong to the constellation Andromeda the Princess. Corrections? Spectroscopic studies have provided detailed measurements of the rotational velocity of the Andromeda Galaxy as a function of radial distance from the core. The Andromeda galaxy is the most distant object in the sky that you can see with your unaided eye. The A stars are not evident in redder filters, but in blue and ultraviolet light they dominate the nucleus, causing P2 to appear more prominent than P1. [65] Should this continue, the luminosity of the Milky Way may eventually overtake that of the Andromeda Galaxy. [87], Later studies with the help of the Spitzer Space Telescope showed how the Andromeda Galaxy's spiral structure in the infrared appears to be composed of two spiral arms that emerge from a central bar and continue beyond the large ring mentioned above. The Andromeda Galaxy can be seen with the unaided eye, so skywatchers have been observing it for. [77] His descriptions of the spiral structure, as each arm crosses the major axis of the Andromeda Galaxy, are as follows[78]pp1062[79]pp92: Since the Andromeda Galaxy is seen close to edge-on, it is difficult to study its spiral structure. His studies show two spiral arms that appear to be tightly wound, although they are more widely spaced than in our galaxy. Observations of linearly polarized radio emission with the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope, the Effelsberg 100-m Radio Telescope, and the Very Large Array revealed ordered magnetic fields aligned along the "10-kpc ring" of gas and star formation. In the 1920s Edwin Hubble finally put the matter to rest, when he used Cepheid variable stars within the Andromeda galaxy to determine that it is indeed an island universe residing beyond the bounds of our Milky Way galaxy. [101] An observation campaign of NuSTAR space mission identified 40 objects of this kind in the galaxy. In that far-off time, the Sun will still be shining and the Earth may still be a planet teeming with life. Our nearest galaxy, Andromeda, would be a mere 1012km (629 miles) away. Please note: prices are correct and items are available at the time the article was published. We try our very best, but cannot guarantee perfection. algebra-precalculus Share Cite Follow But, colliding galaxies do interact via gravity, which will cause them to change shape and even merge into a larger galaxy. Think about playing golf or baseball or tennis the movement of the ball changes when you dont hit it head on. Its a longer route. 1 light year is 63,240 AU's 1AU = 93 x106 miles Alpha Centauri . [73] The Third Reference Catalogue of Bright Galaxies (RC3) used this standard for Andromeda in 1991, yielding an isophotal diameter of 46.56 kiloparsecs (152,000 light-years) at a distance of 2.5 million light-years. It is our closest big galaxy (catalog numbers NGC 224 and M31). Astronomers thought this patch of light was composed of glowing gases, or was perhaps a solar system in the process of formation. If proven, it would be the first exoplanet to be known that is outside the Milky Way. [33] Edwin Hubble settled the debate in 1925 when he identified extragalactic Cepheid variable stars for the first time on astronomical photos of Andromeda. So how much closer to collision with Andromeda have we come in the past 2.5 million years? The Andromeda galaxy (M31) is located at the coordinates RA: 0h 42.7m; Dec: 41o 16 north. :) Guest Sep 15, 2015 Best Answer #1 +5 Just multiply the two numbers together and you will get this enormous number, The Andromeda Galaxy is one of the few visible to the unaided eye, appearing as a milky blur. After that, astronomers believed for some decades that the galaxy was approaching at nearly 200 miles per second (300 km/s), but later astronomers disagreed. In the illustration above, see how Schedar points to the Andromeda galaxy? Excluding the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds, visible. The Andromeda Galaxy has been visible to the naked eye, given dark skies, throughout history; as such, it cannot be said to have been "discovered" by any one individual. The nucleus consists of two concentrations separated by 1.5pc (4.9ly). ", "Yes, That Picture of the Moon and the Andromeda Galaxy Is About Right", "Can you see other galaxies without a telescope? From mid-northern latitudes, you can see Andromeda M31 for at least part of every night, all year long. NASA/GSFC. Systems Group, While Andromeda is the largest galaxy in the Local Cluster it may not be the most massive. Sir William Huggins, an English astronomer, used a prism to split apart and examine the many hues of light from several nebulae in 1864. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. There are several galaxies closer to Earth than Andromeda. Encyclopaedia Britannica's editors oversee subject areas in which they have extensive knowledge, whether from years of experience gained by working on that content or via study for an advanced degree. But if you dont manage to easily see it, you can star-hop to find the galaxy in one of two ways. The Andromeda Galaxy holds one trillion stars, according to several studies. . And much more. If you subtract the Sun's orbital motion around our galaxy (about 230 km per second toward Cygnus), M31 is still approaching the Milky Way by about 130 km per second. There are around a dozen satellite galaxies in both the Milky Way and the Andromeda Galaxy. Its peculiar close companion, M32, shows a structure that indicates that it was formerly a normal, more massive galaxy that lost much of its outer parts and possibly all of its globular clusters to M31 in a past encounter. The majority of Messier objects in our Milky Way Galaxy are star clusters. Something went wrong while submitting the form. How far away is the Andromeda Galaxy? https://www.researchgate.net/publication/1796110_The_Andromeda_Stream, https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/atoms/files/hubblefocusgalaxies.pdf, https://www.ifa.hawaii.edu/~barnes/ast110_10/MilkyWay.pdf. The velocities slowly decline beyond that distance, dropping to around 200km/s (120mi/s) at 80,000ly (5.1109AU). [94], Apparently, by late 1968, no X-rays had been detected from the Andromeda Galaxy. Space is Big In his book, The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy, Douglas Adams says, "Space is big. Baade identified two distinct populations of stars based on their metallicity, naming the young, high-velocity stars in the disk Type I and the older, red stars in the bulge Type II. You can also use the Great Square of Pegasus. Receive news, sky-event information, observing tips, and The station for bigger s radio sounded again Notice of driving on the Galaxy Railway Passengers who take the Galaxy 999 special express train from the earth to the Andromeda Great Nebula, sex while on birth control sugar pills please hurry to the cluster ultracore male city station and board the bus at platform 99. Astronomers think that it may have interacted more closely with Andromeda several hundred million years ago, when M32 plunged through the heart of its larger neighbor. signal, Andromeda | 896 views, 32 likes, 1 loves, 2 comments, 6 shares, Facebook Watch Videos from Elon Musk Zone: 1 MINUTE AGO! Anyone using the information provided by Kidadl does so at their own risk and we can not accept liability if things go wrong. So astronomical units are a great way to compress truly astronomical numbers to a more manageable size. It has a diameter of almost 200,000 light-years. Most Messier objects are star clusters or gas clouds in our Milky Way galaxy. Andromeda galaxy is the largest galaxy nearest to Earth. These interactions have formed structures like Andromeda's Giant Stellar Stream. [70] This suggests that the latter once experienced a great star formation phase, but is now in a relative state of quiescence, whereas the Milky Way is experiencing more active star formation. You need a good spot away from bright lights in order to see it. [16] How many miles from Earth is the Andromeda Galaxy ? 1. [94] The eccentricity is such that stars linger at the orbital apocenter, creating a concentration of stars. [92] The velocity dispersion of material around it is measured to be 160km/s (100mi/s). At Kidadl we pride ourselves on offering families original ideas to make the most of time spent together at home or out and about, wherever you are in the world. So, we see Andromeda as it was 2.5 million years in the past. [122] Andromeda Galaxy's tangential or sideways velocity concerning the Milky Way is relatively much smaller than the approaching velocity and therefore it is expected to collide directly with the Milky Way in about 2.5-4billion years. The Magellanic Clouds are irregular dwarf galaxies that are even nearer. The Andromeda Galaxy located at a distance of 2 million light years away is the nearest major galaxy and is of comparable size to our own galaxy. What we suggest is selected independently by the Kidadl team. We are. To figure out how soon this collision will occur, first we have to figure out how fast Andromeda is moving. In late September and early October, the Andromeda Galaxy appears in the eastern sky at nightfall, swings well overhead in the middle of the night, and stands fairly high in the west at the start of the morning dawn. Another group used a different technique in 2005 to calculate that Andromeda was 2.52 million light-years away. [42][43], The Andromeda Galaxy was formed roughly 10 billion years ago from the collision and subsequent merger of smaller protogalaxies.[44]. If you cant see the Andromeda galaxy with the eye alone, by all means use binoculars. [25] The spectrum of Andromeda displays a continuum of frequencies, superimposed with dark absorption lines that help identify the chemical composition of an object. Wouldnt its actual position be 2.5 million light-years closer, and shouldnt it be colliding with our galaxy now? In 1917, Heber Curtis observed a nova within Andromeda. Creationists have proposed many solutions. The Small and Large Magellanic Clouds are located 165,000 light years and 195,000 light years away respectively. AstroFile Future Fate of the Milky Way Galaxy. Read more: Will the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies collide someday? According to recent studies, the Andromeda Galaxy lies in what in the Galaxy colormagnitude diagram is known as the "green valley", a region populated by galaxies like the Milky Way in transition from the "blue cloud" (galaxies actively forming new stars) to the "red sequence" (galaxies that lack star formation). Studies of the extended halo of the Andromeda Galaxy show that it is roughly comparable to that of the Milky Way, with stars in the halo being generally "metal-poor", and increasingly so with greater distance. Then in May 2012, NASA astronomers announced they can now predict the time of this collision of titan galaxies with certainty. [96], While at the initial time of its discovery it was hypothesized that the brighter portion of the double nucleus is the remnant of a small galaxy "cannibalized" by the Andromeda Galaxy,[97] this is no longer considered a viable explanation, largely because such a nucleus would have an exceedingly short lifetime due to tidal disruption by the central black hole. [1][82], The most likely cause of the distortions of the spiral pattern is thought to be interaction with galaxy satellites M32 and M110. Curtis noticed that these novae were, on average, 10 magnitudes fainter than those that occurred elsewhere in the sky. A galactic merger roughly 100 million years ago is believed to be responsible for a counter-rotating disk of gas found in the center of Andromeda as well as the presence there of a relatively young (100 million years old) stellar population. The Andromeda Galaxy is speeding toward us, but it will take 4 billion years to get here. M32 may once have been a larger galaxy that had its stellar disk removed by M31 and underwent a sharp increase of star formation in the core region, which lasted until the relatively recent past. )[35] Baade also discovered that there were two types of Cepheid variable stars, which resulted in a doubling of the distance estimate to Andromeda, as well as the remainder of the universe. It's defined by how far a beam of light travels in one year - a distance of six trillion miles. They are passionate about turning your everyday moments into memories and bringing you inspiring ideas to have fun with your family. Find the distance in miles between our galaxy and the Andromeda galaxy. [95] P2 also contains a compact disk of hot, spectral-class A stars. The speed of light in a vacuum is about 186,282 miles per second (299,792 . Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The Andromeda and Milky Way galaxies reign as the two most massive and dominant galaxies within the Local Group of Galaxies. Some of these galaxies are much farther away. It's around 2,480,000 light-years away from Earth. How far away is the Andromeda Galaxy, and how can you see it? Valerie Mikles Because theres so much more space than stars even in a galaxy, colliding galaxies pass through each other, like ghosts. How far is Alpha Centauri in miles and au's? Andromeda Galaxy is referred to as NGC 224 in the New General Catalogue. [115] M110 does contain a dusty lane, which may indicate recent or ongoing star formation. [37][38] The first radio maps of the galaxy were made in the 1950s by John Baldwin and collaborators at the Cambridge Radio Astronomy Group. Andromeda is accompanied by 14 dwarf galaxies, including M32, M110, and possibly M33 (The Triangulum Galaxy). The Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies are expected to collide in around 45 billion years,[14] merging to potentially form a giant elliptical galaxy[15] or a large lenticular galaxy. And in 2004, astronomers redid Hubbles Cepheid variable calculations, and determined that Andromeda was 2.51 million light-years. [52][53] The stellar mass of M31 is 10151010M, with 30% of that mass in the central bulge, 56% in the disk, and the remaining 14% in the stellar halo. A flat, winding disk, more than 200,000 light-years in diameter and about . Any information you provide to us via this website may be placed by us on servers located in countries outside the EU if you do not agree to such placement, do not provide the information. Unless something radically changes Andromedas course, current estimates say that were only about 4 billion years from a catastrophic collision that will leave us inside a merged remnant of what was once two separate galaxies. Edwin Hubble ended the controversy once and for all in 1925 when he identified Cepheid variable stars in Andromeda, and calculated that the galaxy was actually 1.5 million light-years away. [/caption] I do not know how to approach this problem. IC 1101, which is about 50 times the size of the Milky Way and 2,000 times more massive, is the largest known galaxy. When will we collide with the Andromeda Galaxy. He referred to it in his Book of Fixed Stars as a "nebulous smear" or "small cloud".[19][20]. Most galaxies measured in this way are millions of light years away. Andromeda is best seen during autumn nights in the Northern Hemisphere when it passes high overhead, reaching its highest point around midnight in October, and two hours earlier each successive month. [119], PA-99-N2 was a microlensing event detected in the Andromeda Galaxy in 1999. Quality Assurance, I.M. Question. The distance to the Andromeda Galaxy is 2.54 million light-years, or 778 kiloparsecs. [131] From the Southern Hemisphere the Andromeda Galaxy is visible between October and December, best viewed from as far north as possible. [32], In 1920, the Great Debate between Harlow Shapley and Curtis took place concerning the nature of the Milky Way, spiral nebulae, and the dimensions of the universe. What is the largest galaxy in the universe? The dispute was resolved when Edwin Hubble's measurements of Cepheid variable stars proved Andromeda was located far outside the Milky Way. This does not influence our choices. The Andromeda Galaxy (commonly, M31) may be viewed with the naked eye in the constellation Andromeda. however, the Andromeda Galaxy (M31) has a blueshift of about 186 miles per . Sounds pretty far away, but put into perspective, if the entire known Universe were represented by a full-sized football stadium (seating included), then the distance to the Andromeda Galaxy--the farthest we can see with our eyes in the dark of the cosmos--would be about three inches away. In 2018, the equality of mass was re-established by radio results as approximately 81011M. In the early evening, it rises in the east in September and sets in the west in February. The microlensing event PA-99-N2 hints at the existence of an extragalactic planet. How many miles is it across the Milky Way galaxy? Some of them are among the most densely populated globulars ever seen. The Andromeda Galaxy is about thirteen million trillion . View our Privacy Policy. Kidadl is supported by you, the reader. This article contains incorrect information, This article doesnt have the information Im looking for. The farther away a galaxy is, the more time its light has to travel to reach us, and so the redder its light becomes. Based on Doppler shifting of its light, Andromeda is speeding toward us at 68 miles per second (110 kilometers per second). This possible exoplanet would have a mass 6.34 times that of Jupiter. We do this by observing the galaxy and comparing what we expect to see from a galaxy at rest to what we actually see from Andromeda. The brighter concentration, designated as P1, is offset from the center of the galaxy. Show your work. Unlike the Andromeda galaxy, its very hard to see. Modern estimates suggest the Andromeda galaxy,. Neutron stars and black holes can be distinguished mainly by measuring their masses. Bruce McClure served as lead writer for EarthSky's popular Tonight pages from 2004 to 2021, when he opted for a much-deserved retirement. The progenitor black hole is located near the galactic center and has about 10 M. At the time it was called "Nova 1885"[26] the difference between "novae" in the modern sense and supernovae was not yet known. We love your photos and welcome your news tips. The Andromeda is a spiral galaxy, like the Milky Way, with widespread projections of stars entwined around a distinct center. The galaxies are rushing closer to one another at about 70 miles per second (112 kilometers . Currently, Andromeda and the Milky Way are about 2.5 million light-years apart. It is estimated to be 6.34 times as massive as Jupiter. Reveal answer . Globular One (or G1) has several stellar populations and a structure too massive for an ordinary globular. [84], In 1998, images from the European Space Agency's Infrared Space Observatory demonstrated that the overall form of the Andromeda Galaxy may be transitioning into a ring galaxy. This artist's concept shows the night sky from Earth in 3.75 billion years: Andromeda is much closer . A likely outcome of the collision is that the galaxies will merge to form a giant elliptical galaxy[123] or possibly large disc galaxy. [113] The best known and most readily observed satellite galaxies are M32 and M110. Definite possibility describes much of what we know or think we know about the universe. [100], Multiple X-ray sources have since been detected in the Andromeda Galaxy, using observations from the European Space Agency's (ESA) XMM-Newton orbiting observatory. To support his claim of the Great Andromeda Nebula being, in fact, an external galaxy, Curtis also noted the appearance of dark lanes within Andromeda which resembled the dust clouds in our own galaxy, as well as historical observations of Andromeda Galaxy's significant Doppler shift. The Andromeda Galaxy (M31) is indeed approaching us, by about 300 kilometers (190 miles) per second measured with respect to the Sun. Kidadl provides inspiration to entertain and educate your children. However, the ultimate object will be an elliptical galaxy rather than a spiral galaxy. By studying the eclipses of the stars, astronomers were able to measure their sizes. [12][13] The Andromeda Galaxy has a diameter of about 46.56kpc (152,000ly), making it the largest member of the Local Group in terms of extension. This patch of light was assumed to be made up of incandescent gases or a solar system in the process of development by astronomers. The easiest way is to use the constellation Cassiopeia the Queen. An estimation done with the help of Spitzer Space Telescope published in 2010 suggests an absolute magnitude (in the blue) of 20.89 (that with a color index of +0.63 translates to an absolute visual magnitude of 21.52,[a] compared to 20.9 for the Milky Way), and a total luminosity in that wavelength of 3.641010L.[69]. The halo is enriched in elements heavier than hydrogen and helium, formed from supernovae, and its properties are those expected for a galaxy that lies in the "green valley" of the Galaxy colormagnitude diagram (see below). The Andromeda Galaxy is about 2.2 million (2.2 x 10 6) light years from the Milky Way Galaxy. [1] However, infrared data from the 2MASS survey and the Spitzer Space Telescope showed that Andromeda is actually a barred spiral galaxy, like the Milky Way, with Andromeda's bar major axis oriented 55 degrees anti-clockwise from the disc major axis. The Andromeda Galaxy, which appears as a milky blur to the naked eye, is one of not many galaxies that can be visible to the naked eye. The Large Magellanic Cloud is only 160,000 light years away, and the Canis Major Dwarf Galaxy is a mere 25,000 light-years from Earth. Milkomeda is the name given to this future galaxy by astronomers, and mergers like this happen all the time. [22] Pierre Louis Maupertuis conjectured in 1745 that the blurry spot was an island universe. This discovery lead to a controversy about whether the Andromeda spiral nebula and other spiral nebulae lie within or outside the Milky Way. Fueled by gravity, the two galaxies are hurtling toward one another at 402,000 kilometers per hour. In 1885, a supernova (known as S Andromedae) was seen in Andromeda, the first and so far only one observed in that galaxy. We also know of an irregular supercluster of galaxies, which contains the Virgo Cluster, which in turn contains our Local Group, which in turn contains our Milky Way galaxy and the nearby Andromeda galaxy. Please note that Kidadl is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon. Based on current evidence, it appears that M32 underwent a close encounter with the Andromeda Galaxy in the past. We have written many articles about galaxies for Universe Today. But our visual acuity extends far beyond the horizon. Things moving away from us have light that is Doppler shifted toward the red end of the spectrum; things moving toward us have light shifted toward the blue. In terms of the universe, this truly is "very close by". Slipher accomplished this by spotting a telltale stretching or compression in the light from Andromeda as it approached Earth. Thank you ! The light we see from it tonight left it more than 2 million years ago, when our species was just . Andromeda Galaxy - credit: David Dayag. The Andromeda Galaxy is speeding toward us, but it will take 4 billion years to get here.
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