graphological features in stylistics

Stylistic features like graphology, syntax, lexis and semantics are looked into. 5. But also lately a more concerned view has been voiced which stresses that stylistics has contributed to methodologies in the teaching of literature and that, therefore, L1 and L2 methods are embedded in stylistics. But these definitions appear too eclectic. This term was first brought into use in linguistic studies in the sixties by McIntosh (1961), who considered it an analogous mode to that of phonology. In Vengeance Creditor, the researcher posits that italics are used in ironic sense. The novelty of the definition offered by Wales (2001) lies in the fact that it broadens the spectrum of elements to be analyzed within the category of graphology beyond the letters of the alphabet, which is something that has not been considered until very recently. It describes patterns of writing that distinguish the writer's style, for example capitalization, punctuation, spacing and so The primary focus here is foregrounding. Table 2. Detailed explanations of these levels are given below. Degree in English. The focus of Stylistics is the text. Email: special offers and other discount information. The application of linguistics in stylistics is intended to create awareness about the internal use of language in a text. (Eva, 2015) observes that the very first problem when dealing with graphology is its unclear meaning. reader.RANK FREQUENCY WORD The theory underlying graphology is that handwriting is an expression of personality; hence, a systematic analysis of the way words and letters are formed can reveal traits of personality. Foregrounding as a theory was first put forward by Jan Mukrovsky, a don at the University of Prague. Tatengkengs Kuncup are good example for. A branch of rhetoric in ancient Greece, eloctio was specially related to the relation between form (vorba) and content (res) and the characteristic features of literary language. Deixis -these, Do not sell or share my personal information. All it claims is just that the process of arriving at the intuition must be made explicit and be backed up with the necessary tangible linguistic evidence. the words that are repeated more than one However, such a deliberate use of sounds will also have meaning since one does not use language in a vacuum. This, as a matter of fact makes it rather difficult sometimes to draw a clear line between literary stylistics and linguistic stylistics. Stanley E. Fishs article What is Stylistics and why are they Saying such Terrible Things about it? in Essays in Modern Stylistics (1981) says: Stylistics was born of a reaction to the subjectivity and imprecision of literary studies. 2.1.6.2 Syntactic/Grammatical Level Repetition of certain constants (nasal, intonation, the foot which carries the (7) Stylistics: Stylistics is an independent genre of linguistics that studies the styles and peculiarities of a written or spoken text. 3.6 Reliability of the Instrument in Asher and Simpson 4378). The most distinct graphological feature in poetry is the linear arrangement of the poem in contrast to paragraphing in the case of prose. organized in units (tone Therefore, we have basically , two types of stylistics: literary and linguistic stylistics. 2.1.6 Linguistic Levels of Stylistic Analysis Recently submitted schools to Kenyayote Schools, University and College Rankings in Kenya 2023, Driving School Notes and test preparation, Style is the manner of expression in speaking and writing, Style is a set of linguistic features characterized by the language aspect of a person, Style is comparing a set of gestures with another in terms of deviation from the norm for instance, semantic rule and phonological rule, Style can also refer to literally language for instance satire, irony and sarcasm, Beware of the structure that a language has, Be aware of the kind of social variation that language features have, Must have techniques that can used to put down stylistic features in a systematic manner. stream By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. group which carries contrasts of Stylistic features of each. I am also indebted to my amiable parents, Elder/Deaconess Nseobong Nkopuruk; they deserve a special mention, for their all-round support which metamorphosed into a Masters Degree in English, today.always counting on them too, for higher heights. Various scholars such as Levenston (1992) and Lennard (2005) have attempted series of proposals for a standard pattern of categorization of the elements within the graphological framework of linguistic stylistic analysis. In analyzing a text, the business of a stylistician is to look at many features of the text. Therefore, to interpret a text stylistically both external and internal evidence are needed. 1 0 obj The primary focus here is foregrounding. Look at the table below, taken . It is the study of handwriting (especially as an indicator of the writer's character or disposition). Stylistic features like graphology, syntax, lexis and semantics are looked into. Graphology can be considered an extraordinary belief because it is a form of pseudoscience, and it would require the belief that personality traits can be communicated, via unconscious mental functions, through handwriting (Carroll). is more dependent upon the readers ability However, this shift in focus gave rise to stylistics being a linguistic field of its own away from the former literary criticism. study of hand writing. From the aspects of graphological features, lexical features, syntactic features and semantic features, the thesis summarizes the stylistic features of English news report of public health emergency. The result is that, whereas linguistic stylistics comes up with a somewhat objective evaluation, based on realistic criteria; literary criticism comes up with that which is generally imaginative, speculative, subjective, and impressionistic (Isidore, 2010:30). To every other person, whose names escaped my linguistic description on this space, I am grateful equally, for the character you played towards the success of this academic research. This is why the present study specifically addresses how the author communicates meaning through the device of graphology. If I have a poem, that is a sonnet, with an octave and a sestet - can you then say that this gap between them is a graphological deviation? Lastly, do you have any question about this post or something else? It has been chosen to parallel phonology, and the term includes orthography, punctuation, and anything else that is concerned with showing how a language uses its graphic resources to carry its grammatical and lexical patterns (Halliday et al. Temporal deixis: They point to time. It has to do with the entire words and phrases of a particular language. Pedagogical stylistics is intrinsically linked with the teaching of the linguistic features of written texts as a means of enhancing students understanding of literature and language. K:\!f&gsq\M| 2.1.12 Typography (structure and arrangement) He labels what we call graphology as punctuation and devotes attention not just to punctuation marks but also to spelling, typefaces or spacing, to mention just a few. Text Analysis in Stylistics. Over the years, stylistics has often been aligned with literary criticism. The principal aim of the paper of the paper is to identify and analyse linguistic features used in the play. The schemes are grouped into five levels and presented in the table below. It was an instrument, a special kind of a stick, also called reed which was used to write. sibilants, emphatic ) Both linguistic stylistics and literary criticism rigorously analyze and synthesize a work of art with a common aim of presenting both the merits and the demerits of the work, and in so doing, elucidate the work. 2.1.4.3 Literary Linguistic Stylistics have: Paragraph, orthographic Li concludes that . Every writer has a natural, linguistic and idiosyncratic way of expressing ideas that leads to the identification of style with man and his thought. how the writer uses the graphic resource In its own analysis, it intermittently works on the text, but occasionally wanders off and brings in extra-linguistic, extra-textual material (may be from philosophy, psychology, biography, social history, etc.) Does the order of validations and MAC with clear text matter? This study however, postulates the following significance: Firstly, apart from questioning the existing norm of graphological analysis and contributing to knowledge in the field of stylistics, by way of modification of previous models, the knowledge of graphology embedded in this research will assist critics and stylisticians in sharpening their awareness of the stylistic patterning of language, which they will put to extensive use in literary and non-literary texts. Prosodic features of stress, length of For others the former would only be appropriate for advanced learners. Hyphens which is the smallest phonological A Linguistic-Stylistic Analysis of Newspaper Reportage . readers. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Discourse Analysis Presented To Miss Rabia, Copy Of Discourse Analysis Presented To Miss Rabia, Nuevo presentacin de microsoft power point, readingandwritingskills-171211141506.pptx, THE ENCHANTED EEL OF CAGUBATAN, TADIAN.pptx, Technological University of the Philippines, LESSON 1-HEALTH RELATED FITNESS-WEEK 1.pptx, bias-and-prejudice1-221121003535-0ece477d.pptx, LESSON 1-TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT IN BAKING.pptx, JULIUS PAULO or background belief relating to an utterance whose truth KEYWORDS: Stylistics, Deviations, Graphological, Morphological, Syntactically, Grammatically. It is also a theoretical dimension to research undertaken into practice in the stylistics classroom. Publish an article about your business, startup, school, product launch or event on Kenyayote. Graphology is a stylistic instrument which makes Ushie's writing peculiarity, an illustrating example of style as deviation from the actual linguistic norm. Evidence of foregrounding and other instances of graphology in writing will be investigated in subsequent sections. Cataphora: refers to an expression or subject which is % 2.1.4.1 Linguistic Stylistics Van Peer (1993), for instance, considered typographic foregrounding and its evolution as a The graphological level: In this respect, stylistics is interested in how the writer uses the graphic resource of his language to give expression to his ideas and achieve his effects. Stylistics, Literary Criticism and Practical Criticism have certain things in common. This study however, focuses attention on graphological deviation which is understood as the variant means of language use in print to actualize the meaning of a text. 3.8 Method of Data Analysis, Chapter Four: DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION also a branch of semantics which allow The following are the levels of text stylistics according to these levels. For As a matter of fact, scholars of stylistics have scarcely given this poet a deserving attention. PHONOLOGY It is the study of sound system of a language and also describes formal rules of pronunciation. to bear on the work. The second problem formulation is answered by linking up the finding in language features to get the meaning of the poems. Graphology offers the reader a solid impression by communicating the exact mind of the writer. In addition to . Graphology is a linguistic level of analysis that comprises the study of graphic aspects of language (1). 2.1.4.2 Literary Stylistics 3.3 Sample and Sampling Techniques 4 0 obj Graphological devices include punctuation (comma, full stop, colon, semi-colon, and quotation marks, etc. 1. Here the question of why particular elements of language have been used arises. Deviation on the other hand happens to be the sharpest way through which a writer foregrounds his intention and achieves aesthetics. In analyzing a text, the business of a stylistician is to look at many features of the text. Style has been variously defined according to its orientation in the writers personality, the impressions of the reader, an individual text and the collective features of a genre. Style refers to the language conventions used to construct the authors identity and intentions. These are discussed under the following captions Graphological Features Lexical repetition, words are repeated in which synonyms or near-synonyms may be used. It majorly focuses on achieved graphological through the use of quotation marks. So, quantitative stylistics on the one hand may provide confirmation for the hunches or insights we have about style. Jane no longer writes fiction. that makes up a writer's style are: This bond is harnessed given the qualities that they share. stylistics, graphological knowledge is central to the understanding and better appreciation of a. literary text. It is done on the purpose of commenting on the quality of a text. The result reveals the use of phono-graphological features to indicate contrastive stress and focus information. Identify some features that can be focused on in a linguistic stylistic analysis. of Department of English, University of Uyo, Ekemini Essien of Federal University of Science and Technology, Akure and Dan, Abasiono Godwin of Department of English, University of Ibadan; relatives: Mfiokma Nelson, Uncle Flow, Ukpeme John et alia and my students on whose shoulders I stood while the research lasted. ideas and achieve his effects. Joe Ushie, a prolific poet has to his credit, six poetry collections and other literary publications. Pedagogical stylistics emphasizes that the process of improving students linguistic sensibilities must include greater emphasis upon the text as action; that is, upon the mental processing which is such as proactive part of reading and interpretation; and how all of these elements pragmatic and cognitive as well as linguistic function within quite specific social and cultural contexts. A Stylistics Analysis of Hope is the thing with feathers by Emily Dickinson Essays on Literary Criticism. This is because a linguist deaf to the poetic function of language and a literary scholar indifferent to linguistic problems and unconversant with linguistic method are equally flagrant anachronisms as opined by Jakobson in Onwukwe (2009: i). [] Graphemics also embraces other features associated with the written or graphic medium: punctuation; paragraphing; spacing, etc. 2.4.1 Graphological Deviation Graphological deviation is placed in the bottom strata on the levels of stylistics nowadays. The theory of foregrounding has provided . linguistic stylistic analysis of Henrik Ibsen's play, A Doll's House. Identify four other types of stylistics apart from linguistic and literary stylistics; Identify the features focused on at the phono-graphological level; . Khan and Jabeen (2015:128) see this as the analogous study of a languages writing system and formalized rules of spellings. English Language & Usage Stack Exchange is a question and answer site for linguists, etymologists, and serious English language enthusiasts. to understand the things than his dictionary knowledge In other words, it synergizes or sits athwart the boundary between linguistics and literature; ensuring their interdependence. Furthermore, he believes that the nonlinguistic context is a much more complex notion since it may include any number of text external features influencing the language and style of a text. There are many examples of graphological level features in written language. Other basic considerations are the general appearance and impression of the writing, the pressure of upward and downward strokes, and the smoothness of the writing. Although both scholars cover the concept of graphology to a considerable extent, Lennard is devoted to composition and punctuation. Lexicon in advertisements is special in that some words are shortened in a readable way to allure the public. Foregrounding is a deliberate act of making a feature prominent or important. The levels of stylistic analysis according to Khan and Jabeen (2015) are basically lexical, syntactic or grammatical, phonological, semantic, context and graphological. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. It can refer to the study of proper use of words or language in proper places. Latest Campus Updates, Education News in Kenya, Last updated on: June 18, 2020 by Elvis Nyakangi 1 Comment, Theoretical Background of language: English stylistics. It was mainly developed in UK stylistics, and generally applied to the description and study of poetry and literary texts, although this was not always the case (Crystal and Davy 1969).
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